Throughout the world, the depictions nations or political entities choose to put on their currency, is very much limited to people or things emblematic of the country, and or, it's people. The United States is a relative new country, so it is easiest to follow this tradition with their currency.
"Give me liberty, or give me death!" is a quotation attributed to Patrick Henry from a speech he made to the Second Virginia Convention on March 23, 1775, at St. John's Church in Richmond, Virginia. He is credited with having swung the balance in convincing the convention to pass a resolution delivering Virginian troops for the Revolutionary War. Among the delegates to the convention were future U.S. Presidents Thomas Jefferson and George Washington. Liberty is a loose term in English for the goddess or personification of the concept of liberty, and is represented by the Roman Goddess Libertas, by Marianne, the national symbol of France, and by many others.
The book Iconologia by Cesare Ripa (first edition 1593) and other works from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries describe and depict the cap. As these works state, the Phrygian cap was worn by liberated slaves in ancient Rome and Greece. It was also worn on special occasions afterwards. In fact the cap played a minor role in the slave manumission ceremony. Its link with Phrygia in Minor Asia is also tenuous. The idea seems to have been that Phrygia was a source of slaves who when freed - if freed - would once again don their traditional headgear. Whatever the truth, the Phrygian cap was picked up and used as a symbol of liberty by libertarians during the Enlightenment. The "Phrygian cap" (in French, bonnet Phrygian) is almost invariably depicted in red and is sometimes called red cap (bonnet rouge) or liberty cap (bonnet de la Liberté).
It was used by a series of revolutionaries - who seem to have picked up the symbol one from another. There is some doubt as to whether the French Revolutionaries got it from the American Revolutionaries, or whether the American Revolutionaries had got it from pre-revolutionary French ideologues. Since the American Revolution came a few years before the French, American iconography can be used as a sort of introduction.
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Note that the Indian depicted on this coin is Old and Beaten, shown as trying to seem dignified, even the Buffalo is bowed. |
First - the family is actually "GERMAN" just like Queen Charlotte: The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is a German dynasty that ruled the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which was one of the Ernestine duchies. It is a cadet branch of the Saxon House of Wettin. Founded by Ernest Anton, the sixth duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, it has been the royal house of several European monarchies. Branches currently reign in Belgium through the descendants of Leopold I, and in the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms through the descendants of Prince Albert.
The same happened in 1920 in Belgium, where the name was changed to "der Belgen" (Dutch) or "des Belges" (French), meaning "of the Belgians". The first duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was Ernest I, who reigned from 1826 until his death in 1844. He had previously been Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (as Ernest III) from 1806 until the duchy was reorganized in 1826. Ernst's younger brother Leopold became King of the Belgians in 1831, and his descendants continue to serve as Belgian heads of state. Léopold's only daughter, Princess Charlotte of Belgium, was the consort of Maximilian I of Mexico, and she was known as Empress Carlota of Mexico in the 1860s. Ernst's nephew Ferdinand married Queen Maria II of Portugal, and their descendants ruled Portugal until that country became a republic in 1910.
In 1826, a cadet branch of the house inherited the Hungarian princely estate of Koháry, and converted to Roman Catholicism. Its members managed to marry an imperial princess of Brazil, an archduchess of Austria, a royal princess of "the French", a royal princess of Belgium and a royal princess of Saxony. A scion of this branch, also named Ferdinand, became Prince, and then Tsar, of Bulgaria, and his descendants continued to rule there until 1946. The current head of the House of Bulgaria, the former Tsar Simeon II, who was deposed and exiled after World War II, goes by the name of Simeon Sakskoburggotski and served as Bulgaria's prime minister from 2001 to 2005.
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(Oh did we forget FAKE Photographs?)
No way the Blonde, Blue-eyed, little girl in the family picture above, is the Black young woman with Granny Victoria below.
Wiki: On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne as Emperor, reviving the title in Western Europe, more than three centuries after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The title continued in the Carolingian family until 888 and from 896 to 899, after which it was contested by the rulers of Italy in a series of civil wars until the death of the last Italian claimant, Berengar, in 924. The title was revived in 962 when Otto I was crowned emperor, fashioning himself as the successor of Charlemagne.
The Holy Roman Empire was a complex of territories in Central Europe and parts of Western Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806. The largest territory of the empire after 962 was the Kingdom of Germany, though it also came to include the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories.
The beginning of the end of Black rule in continental Europe, began when German Albinos like Martin Luther invented a new religion based on Catholic Christianity, which was based on the Hebrew Religion. These new religions, now known as the Protestant religions, were the spiritual basis of the Race Wars now known as the "Thirty Years Wars" of the early 1600s.
The Protestant Churches:Lutheranism, Anglicanism, Pietism, Ana-baptism, Mennonites, Schwarzenau Brethren Movement, The Reformed Tradition (Calvinist), Continental Reformed churches, Presbyterianism, Congregationalism, Methodism, Holiness Movement, Baptists, Holiness Baptists, Spiritual Baptist Movement, African Initiated churches, Quakers (Society of Friends), Evangelicalism (Restorationist, Charismatic, & Non-Denominational Churches), Uniting/United Churches Movement, Nondenominational Evangelical Church Movement, Multisite Church Movement, Pentecostalism, Millerism and comparable groups, Adventist (Sunday observing), Adventist Movement(Seventh Day Sabbath/Saturday observing), Apostolic churches and Irvingism, Latter Day Saint movement, Unitarian and Universalist, Swedenborgianism, Christian Science, Other Nontrinitarian churches (Arian Catholic Church etc.), and many more! |
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The Albino population is not due to births either: The long history of European migration to the United States. The first wave, between the 16th and 18th centuries, largely consisted of English-speaking settlers from the British Isles.
From the 1840s to 1850s, the second wave witnessed the arrival of immigrants from Ireland, Germany, and Scandinavia escaping famine, religious persecution, and political conflicts. Compared to first-wave Protestant settlers, the new arrivals were overwhelmingly Catholic, came from much poorer backgrounds, and were more likely to be young and unskilled. Following this boom, European migration to the United States mostly paused during the Civil War.
More than 20 million immigrants arrived in the third wave (1880-1914). The new immigrants, primarily from Southern and Eastern Europe, were of different linguistic and religious backgrounds than earlier European arrivals. Most Southern European immigrants were motivated by economic opportunity in the United States, while Eastern Europeans (primarily Jews) sought protection from religious persecution. European immigration was slowed first by the outbreak of World War I in 1914, then by restrictive national-origin quotas established by the Immigration Act of 1924, which privileged individuals from Western and Northern Europe, and effectively halted immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe.
The most recent wave of European immigration followed the fall of the Iron Curtain in the early 1990s when a substantial number of Eastern Europeans moved to the United States to reunite with family members or seek humanitarian protection.
The German revolutions of 1848–49 the opening phase of which was also called the March Revolution (German: Märzrevolution), were initially part of the Revolutions of 1848 that broke out in many European countries. They were a series of loosely coordinated protests and rebellions in the states of the German Confederation, including the Austrian Empire. The revolutions, which stressed pan-Germanism, demonstrated popular discontent with the traditional, largely autocratic political structure of the thirty-nine independent states of the Confederation that inherited the German territory of the former Holy Roman Empire.
New York Times - Aug. 24, 2017
The whites marching on Charlottesville were only a small segment of a much larger population for whom the politics of white identity resonates. The vast majority of white Americans who feel threatened by the country’s growing racial and ethnic diversity are not members of the KKK or neo-Nazis. They are much greater in number, and far more mainstream, than the white supremacists who protested in Virginia over the weekend. A total of 36 percent of whites described their racial identity as either “very important” (16 percent) or “extremely important” (20 percent), according to an American National Election Studies survey in January 2016. Another 25 percent said it was “moderately important.” Careful examination of Trump’s initial support shows the key role of white identity voters in Trump’s ascendance.
Notgeld (German for "emergency money" or "necessity money") refers to money issued by an institution in a time of economic or political crisis. The issuing institution is usually one without official sanction from the central government. This occurs usually when sufficient state-produced money is not available from the central bank. Most notably, notgeld generally refers to money produced in Germany and Austria during World War I and the Interbellum. Issuing institutions could be a town's savings banks, municipality and private or state-owned firms.
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